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Outlines of '" ^r^ 

United States History 



BY 

MARGARET MENDENHALL SMITH 
Principal) Emerson School, Denver 



The Herrick Book & "Stationery Co., 
Denver, Colo. 



1?' 



s^ 



Tv/o Copies »€ceiveiJ \ 

CC1 20 1306 i 

COPY S- 



COPYRIGHT, 1906, BY 
MARGARET MENDENHALL SMITH. 



INTRODUCTION. 

These outlines have been written to assist both teacher and pupil 
iB the study of United States History. 

To carry out the plan of work, the pupil needs a drawing book 
for maps and illustrations. 

Both teacher and pupil should have access to a reference library 
In which case any one text on United States History in the hands of 
the pupil will be sufficient. 

The books referred to in the outline are Fiske's History of the 
United States, Thwaite's "The Colonies," Ridpath's United States His- 
tory, McMaster's United States History, Andrews' United States His- 
tory, Myers' General History, Montgomery's United States History, 
History of United States by Gibson, by Gordy, Jameson's Dictionary 
of American History, and Last Quarter Century of United States His- 
tory by Andrews. 



OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 



PERIODS IN AMERICAN HISTORY. 

I. Aboriginal, to 1492. 

II. Discovery and Exploration, 1607-1776. 

III. Colonial, 1607-1776. 

IV. Revolutionary, 1689-1/89. 

V. National, 1789 to . 

Aboriginal Period. 
Authority: Fiske, Ridpath, Andrews, bryant. 
Read "Hiawatha," by Longfellow. 
Aborigines: — 

I. Mound Builders. 

1. Evidences. 2. Origin. 

3. Characteristic and civilization. 

4. Fate. 

II. Indians. 

1. Origin. 

(1) Of name. (2) Race. 

2. Characteristics. 

3. Tribes. (Locate and tell state of civilization.) 
(1) Iroquois. (2) Algonquins. 

(3) Maskoki. (4) Pueblo. 
(5) Incas. 
In map books — A map of North America, locating Indians and 
Mound Builders, and drawings to illustrate their maanner of life. 

Period of Discovery and Exploration. 
Authority: Ridpath's U. S. History, Greene's History of English 
people, Andrews' U. S. History, McMasters' U. S. History, and Fiske's 
U. S. History. 

I. Discovery by Northmen. 

1. Time. 986-1001. 

2. Persons. 

(1) Herjulfson. (2) Lief Erickson. 

3. Place. 

(1) Labrador. (2) New England Coast. 

4. Evidences. 

(1) Traditions of people. (2) Tower at Newport. (Now disputed.) 

5. Results. 
Nothing permanent. 

6. Fate. Colonies devastated by a plague. 

II. Introductory topics. 

(Myers' General History, Barnes' General History.) 

1. Revival of learning. 

2. The Crusades. 
Time. Object. Result. 



OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 3 

3. Invention of printing. 

4. Geographical knowledge of the fifteenth century. 

(1) Shape of earth. 

(2) Size of earth. 

(3) Parts of earth known. 

5. Commercial enterprise. 

6. Problem of the Middle Ages to find a shorter route to Asia. 
Four preliminary voyages by 

(1) Columbus, (2) Vespucci, (3) Da Gama, (4) Magellan. 
(Map of the world showing these voyages.) 

III. Condition of European countries. 

See Scudder's U. S. History, Myers' General History. 
1. Spain. 2. Italy. 3. Portugal. 
4. France. 5. England. 6. Norway. 

IV. Spanish explorers. 

(McMaster's U. S. History, Fiske's U. S. History, "Discovery of 
America," by Fiske.) 

1. Columbus— 1492, 1493, 1498, 150^. 

2. Vespucci--1499. 

3. Ponce de Leon — 1512. 

4. Balboa— 1513. 

5. Cordova — 1517. 

6. Cortez— 1519-1521. 

7. DeAyllon— 1520. 

8. Narvaez— 1528. 

9. Magellan— loi9-1522. 

10. De Soto— 1539-1542. 

11. Pizarro— 1531-1536. 

12. Cabrillo— 1542. 

V. English Explorers. 

1. Cabot, Jno.— 1497. 

2. Cabot, Sebastian— 1498. 

3. Frobisher— 1576. 

4. Drake— 1579. 

5. Davis— 1585. 

6. Gilbert— 1583. 

7. Raleigh— 1584. 

8. Gosnold— 1602. 

VI. French explorers. 

1. Verazzani — 1524. 

2. Cartier— 1535. 

3. Ribault— 1562. 

4. Laudonniere — 1564. 

5. Champlain — 1603-1635. 

6. Marquette— 1673. 

7. Joliet— 1673. 

8. La Salle— 16S2. 

Read "Champlain and His Associates," by Frances Parkman. 

VII. Dutch explorers. 



4 OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 

1. Henry Hudson— 1607. ^ 

VIII. Portuguese. 

1. Cabral— 1500. . .. . v, .^, 

(In map-books— Map of N. A. showing places visited by the ex- 
plorers mentioned.) 

IX. Summary. 

Objects and results of explorations. (See Thwaite's The Col- 
onies.") 

1. Spanish. 
Object — 

(1). Wealth. 
(2). Conquest. 
(3.) Settlement. 
Result — Claimed United States under name of Florida. 

2. English. 
Object — 

(1). Passage to India. 
(2). Settlement. 
Result — Claimed the coast from Cape Fear to Cape Hatteras, and 
country west to the Pacific. 

3. French. 
Object — 

(1). Fishing. 
(2). Missionary work. 
(3). Settlement. 
Result — Claimed Canada and Mississippi valley. 

4. Dutch. 
Object— 

(1). Shorter Route to India. 
Result— Claimed the territory betv/een the Connecticut and Dela- 
ware rivers. 
X. Additional topics. 

1. Line of Demarcation. 

2. Seven Cities of Cibola. (See Thwaite's The Colonies.) 

3. Some Geographical Superstitions. 

4. The Naming of the New World. 

5. Ancient Commercial Routes to India. 

Colonial Period— 1607 to 1776. 

See Ridpath's United States History, Fiske's United States His- 
tory, Higginson's History of United States, McMaster's United 
States History. 

Read: "To Have and to Hold," by Johnson. 

(1) "House of Seven Gables," by Hawthorne. 

(2) Daughters of the Revolution." 

(3) "Old Times in the Colonies," by Cofhn. 

(4) "Standish of Standish," and 

(5) "Betty Alden," by Jane Austin. 

(6) "Minister's Wooing," by Harriet Beecher-Stowe, ^ 
Place in map book a map showinig the thirteen original colonies, 



OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 5 

and make drawing to illustrate the Colonial period on the oppo- 
site page. 

I. Colonial Chart. 

To the Teacher: Do not iill this chart in, until after the recitation 
each day. Allow the pupils to furnish, during the recitation, all 
information necessary for making the chart. See chart, pages 
8 and 9. 

II. Important Colonial Events. (For composition work, or review.) 

1. Navigation Acts. 

2. "United Colonies of New England" — Plymouth, Massachusetts 
Bay, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Haven (1643). 

3. Persecution of Quakers. (1656.) 

4. Civil War in Maryland. (1655.) 

5. Claybourn'e Rebellion. (1645.) 

6. Bacon's Rebellion. (1676.) 

7. Pequot War. (1636.) 

8. King Philip's War. (1675.) 

9. Salem Witchcraft. (1692.) 

10. Forms of Government existing in the Colonies. 

(1) Charter — 3. Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island. 

(2) Proprietary — 3. Pennsylvania, Delaware, Indiana. 

(3) . Royal or Urovincial — 7. New York, New Hampshire, New 
Jersey, Virginia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Georgia. 

11. Life in the Colonies. 

(1) New England. 

(2) Middle. (3) Southern. 

(See Eggleston, Higginson, McMaster, Andrews.) 

III. French in America — (McMaster, Andrews, Fiske). 

Read Parkman's "La Salle and the Discovery of the Great West"; 
also "Champlain and His Associates," Parkman. "Romance of 
Dollard," by Catherwood. 

1. In Canada, (then Arcadia and New France) by 
Cartier. De Monts. 

Champlain. Frontenac. 

2. Mississippi Valley or Louisiana, by 
Marquette and Joliet. 

La Salle. Tonty. 

3. Florida, by 
Coligni. Ribeault. 

4. Results of these efforts. 

(1) In New France. 

(2) In Louisiana. (3) In Florida. 

The Revolutionary Period, 1689 to 1789. 
I. Inter-colonial Wars — A struggle for the possession of America. 

Reference, McMaster, Fiske, Parkman's "A Half Century of Con- 
flict." 



OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 



1. King William's War. 
Time, 1689-1697. 

Nations in Europe — English vs. French. 

Cause — King William's animosity toward Louis XIV. 

Treaty — Ryswick. 

Result — Boundaries remain unchanged. 

2. Queen Anne's War. 
Time— 1702-1713. 

Nations — French vs. English. 

Cause — Spanish succession. Violation of treaty of Ryswick. 

Treaty — Utrecht. 

Results — England gained Arcadia, and control of Newfoundland 
fisheries, named Arcadia, Nova Scotia, and Port Royal, An- 
napolis. 

3. King George's War. 
Time— 1744-1748. 

Nations — England vs. France. 
Cause — Austrian succession. 
Treaty — Aix la Chapelle. 

Results — Fix boundary line between Georgia and Florida. 
(Review the work of the French explorers in the Mississippi 
valley.) 

4. French and Indian War. 

Reference, Andrews, Fiske, McMaster and Kidpath U. S. History. 
Read Longfellow's "Evangeline," "The Seats of the Mighty," by 
Parker. 

(1) Time, 1756-1763. 

(2) Nations — French vs. English. 

(4) Causes — 

(a) Conflicting claims to territory. 

(b) Old enmity between rFance and England. 

(c) Conflict between the men of the two nations in attempt- 
ing to colonize the Ohio valley. 

(5) Preliminary events. 

1753 — Washington's journey. Object. Result. 

1754 — Attack on Ft. Necessity. Council at Albany. Franklin's 

plan of union. 
1755 — Ruin of Acadia. Expeditions against Ft. DuQuesne by 
by Braddock; Niagara, Fontenac and Ticonderaga. 
(War began in America two years in advance of its declaration in Eng- 
land.) 

(6) Five objective points — 



OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 



Name and Locate 



Why Important 



Date of 
Capture 



By Whom 



1. Ft. Du Quesne 

2. Niagara 

3. Crown Point and 

Ticonderoga 

4. Louisburg 

5. Quebec 



Key to the West 

Controlled Fur Trade of Lakes 

Controlled Route to Canada 

Controlled Newfoundland 

Fisheries 

Controlled St. Lawrence River 



]758 
1759 
1759 
1758 
1759 



Gen, Forbes and 

Washington 
Gen. Prideaux 

Gen. Abercrombie 

Gen. Amherst 

Gen. Wolfe 



(7) Commanders-in-chief. 

(a) English — 
Gen. Braddock. 
Gen. Shirley. 
Lord Loudon. 
Gen. Abercrombie. 
Gen. Amherst. 

(b) French — 
Baron Dieskau. 
Marquis de Montcalm. 

(8) Some important events. 

(a) Attempts (successful and otherwise) to capture each of 
the five objective points. 

(b) Braddock's campaign and defeat. 

(c) Ruin of Acadia. 

(d) Mason and Dixon line, 1763-67. 

(e) Capture of Quebec by Wolfe. 

(f) Pontiac's war, 1763. Cause. Result. 

(9) Treaty. 

Time, 1763. Place, Paris. 
Provisions: 

(a) France gave up all claims in America: 

All east of the Mississippi river, excepting three small islands 

in the St. Lawrence and New Orleans, to England. 
All west of the Mississippi and New Orleans to Spain. 

(b) Spain ceded Florida to England in exchange for Cuba. 

(10) Results of the war — See Andrews' U. S. History. 
Geographical — France lost all possessions in America. 
Financial— A debt of $16,000,000, of which the colonists must 

pay $11,000,000. 
Military — Colonists acquired skill in warfare which proved of 
great assistance in '76. 
Political — 

(a) Enlightened the colonists as to their rights and privileges. 

(b) Created a bond of union among tne colonies. 

(c) This war decided that the English language, laws and lib- 
erties should be planted forever in the continent of America. 



OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 

COLONIAL PERIOD- 



Colony 


Time 


Place 


Nation 


Object 


1. Virginia 


1607 


Jamestown 


English 


Wealth 


2. Massachusetts 


1620 . 
1628 


Plymouth 
^Salem 


English^ 


Escape from persecu- 
tion 


3. New York 


1614 
1623 


Albany 
Manhattan Island 


Dutch 


Trade 


4. New Hamp- 
shire 


1623 


Dover 
Portsmouth 


English 


Fishing Post 


5. Connecticut 


1633 
1635 
1638 


Windsor 
Saybrook 
New Haven 


Eng.ish 


Agriculture, Civil 
Freedom 


6. Maryland 


1534 


St, Marys 


English Catholics 


Escape from persecu- 
tion 


7 Rhode Island 


1636 


Providence 


Colonists from 
Massachusetts 


Escape from persecu- 
tion 


8. Deleware 


1638 


Wilmington 


Swedes 


Civil freedom, agricul- 
ture 


9. North Carolina 


1650 
1664 


Chowan Valley 
L bearRivcr 


Scotch and 
Colonists 


Escape persecution 
agriculture 


10. New Jersey 


1664 


Elizabethlown 


English 


Wealth, to take advant- 
age of the liberal of- 
fers of proprietors 


11. South Car- 
olina 


1670 


Ashley Rivef 


English 


Agriculture 


12. Pennsylvania 


1683 


Philadelphia 


English Quakers 


Home for Quakers 


13. Georgia 


^1732 


Savannah 


English 


Home for poor 



OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 



CHART. 



Character of Settler, 


Prominent Persons. 


Events. 


So-called gentlemen, 
lazy, dissolute. 


Smith. Pocohontas. Holfe, 
Dale, Griswold. 


Starving time; Bacon's rebell- 
ion; slavery introduced. 


Religious, temperate, 
industrious. 


Jno. Carver, Miles Standish, 
Gov. Bradford, Roger Wil- 
liams 


Treat with Indians; Salem 
witchcraft Thanksgiving feast; 
religious persecution 




Four Dutch governors, partfc- 
ularly Peter Stuyvesant, 
Duke of York;, 


Annexation to Delaware; sur- 
render to England. 


Traders: hardy, honest inius- 
trious peasantry from Hol- 
land. 


Hardy courageous, 
enterprising. 


Gorges and Mason. 


Annexation to Massa^-husetts 
for protection. 


Hardy industrious, religious. 


Winthrop, Hooker, Andros, 
Yale. 


Pequot war; charter; Yale 

_ College..,- 

Written Constitution* 


Roman Catholics of good birth, 
families an'd servants. 


Lords Baltimore Claybourne. 


Claybourne s rebellion; civil 
war. 


Same as of Massachusetts. 


Roger Williams, Anne Hutch- 
inson. 


Indian relations; democratic 
government. 


Thrifty, industrious, Tolerent. 




Lord Delaware, Wm Penn. 


Conquest by Dutch; deeded to 
Wm. Penn. 


Brave, patriotic, liberty-loving. 


Clarendon, Culpepper. 


Indian wars: trial of Grand 
Models. 


Energetic, tolerant 




Cartaret, Sr. and Jr.; Lord 
Berkeley, Penn. 


First general assembly; collec- 
tion of rents; division into 
East and West Jersev. 


Originators of Southern hospi- 
tality; brave patriotic. 


West, Sayle. 


Slavery; Charleston foundeJ; 
failure of Locke's Model. 


Sober, industrious, peace 
loving 


WiUiiam Penn. 


Treaty with Indians; secession 
of Delaware; First general 
assembly. 


European peasantry 


Oglethorpe, Wesley. 


Tre?f^ with Indians; war with 
Spaniards; slavery prohibited. 



*First In history of the world. 

Note:— "1643" is an important date, because in that year was founded "The 
League of United Colonies of New England. 



10 OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 

In map books — 

1. Map of the scene of French and Indian war. 

2. Two illustrations of the period. 

(11) Topics for written recitation: 
(a) Wm. Pitt. (b) Gen. Wolfe.. 
(c) Marquis de Montcalm. 

(e) Pontiac. 

(f) Council at Albany (1754). 

(g) "Evangeline," by Longfellow. ^- 
(h) Washington. 

(12) Intervals before the revolution. 

(a) The Colonists. 

New England, Middle, Southern. Industries, education mode 
of living, loyalty to England. 

(b) Affairs in England. 

References: History of United States by Ridpath, Andrews, Smith, 
drews' U. S. History, Smith's U. S. Plistory, Greene's History of the 
English people. 

5. Revolutionary War. 

Reference — History of United States by Ridpath, Andrews, Smith, 

Fiske, McMaster, and Greene's History of the English People. 
Read — 1, "Hugh Wynne," by S. Wier Mitchell; 2, ^'Richard Car- 
vel," by Winston Churchill; 3, "Janice Meredith," by Paul Lei- 
cester Ford, and "Daughters of the Revolution," by Coffin. 

I. Causes — 

Remote : 

1. Right of arbitrary government claimed by Great Britain. 

2. Personal character of King George III. 

3. Remoteness of the colonies from the mother country. 

4. Influence of France. 

5. Taxation without representation. 

Immediate: 

1. Passage of certain acts by Parliament detrimental to the col- 
onists. 

(a) Navigation Acts (1631-1651-1660). 

(b) Corporation Act (1733). 

(c) V/rits of Assistance (1761). 

(d) Stamp Act (1765). 

(e) Quartering or Mutiny Act (1766). 

(f) Townshend Acts (1763). 

(g) Boston Port Bill (1774). 

II. Preliminaray Events — (McMaster.) 

1. Resolutions of Patrick Henry (1765). See Channing. 

2. Organization of Liberty Societies. 

(1) yons of Liberty. 

(2) Daughters of Liberty. 



OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. H 

3. First Colonial Congress (1765). Declaration of Rights and 
Grievances. 

4. Repeal of cstamp Act (1766). 

5. Soldiers in New York (1770). 

6. Boston Massacre. 

7. Boston Tea Party (1773). 

III. First Continental Congress (1774). Representatives, fifty-five 
delegates from every colony except Rhode Island. 

1. Place — Philadelphia. 

2. Work— 

(1) Declaration of Rights. 

(2) Petition to King.- 

(3) Address to- People of Canada. 

(4) Address to people of Great Britain. 

( 5 ) Non-Intercourse_ Agreement. 

IV. Minute-Men Organized. 

V. Ten colonists noted for their resistance to British oppression. 

VI. Campaign and Events. 

1775. 

1. Battle of Lexington, April 19, 

(Read "Paul Revere's Ride," Longfellow; "Concord Hymn," 
Emerson.) 

2. Capture of Crown Point and Ticonderaga by Ethan Allen. 
Result. — 

3. Continental Congress, May 10. 
Measures: 

To Authorize issue of $2,000,0.00. 

To equip 20,000 men. 

To appoint Washington as commander-in-chief. 

To send final petition to the King of England. 

4. Battle of Bunker Hill, June 17. 
Commanders: (a) Prescot. (b) Howe. 

5. Invasion of Canada by Arnold and Montgomery. 
Result — Failure. 

6. Mecklenberg Declaration of Independence at Mecklenburg, 
N. C. 

1776. 

Read "Spirit of Seventy-Six," by Bryant. 

1. Siege of Boston by Washington. Evacuated by British on 
March 17. 

2. Attack on Ft. Moultrie. 
Declaration of Independence, July 4. 

3. Congress— At Philadelphia. Measures: 
Ambassadors sent to France. 
Articles of Confederation proposed. 
British offers of pardon received. 



12 OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 

4. Washington's campaign in New York and in New Jersey. 
Battle of Long Island. 
Retreat to, and evacuation of, New York. 
White Plains. Ft. Washington, Ft. Lee. 
Gen. Lee at Northcastle. 
Washington at Hackensack. 
Retreat through New Jersey. 
Capture of Trenton, December 26. 

1777. 

1. New York and New Jersey campaign — (concluded). 

(1) Princeton, January 3. 

(2) Winter quarters at Morristown. 

2. Congress — 

(1) Place— Philadelphia. 

(2) Measures: 

(a) Adoption of flag. 

(b) Adoption of Articles of Confederation. 

(c) War measures. 
III. — Burgoyne's Campaign. 

1. Object — To gain control of the Hudson and thus separate the 
colonies. 

2. Plan — Burgoyne to advance from Yuebec to Albany. 

St. Leger to come from Oswego to Albany through the Mohawk 

valley. 
Howe to take Philadelphia, then sail up the Hudson. 

3. Military operations. 

1. Under Washington against Howe in Pennsylvania. Brandy- 
wine or Chad's Ford; Germantown; Capture of Philadelphia 
by British; Valley Forge, winter quarters for Americans. 

2. Under St. Leger. Battle of Oriskany Com. Herkimer. 

3. Under Burgoyne against General Schuyler. 
Capture of Ticonderoga. 

Battle of Bennington. 
Attack on Ft. Schuyler, 

General Schuyler superseded by General Gates. 
Battle of Bemis Heights or First Battle of Stillwater, Septem- 
ber 19. 
Second Battle of Stillv/ater, October 7. 
Surrender of Burgoyne at Saratoga, October 17. 

4. Results of operations of 1777. 
Washington's — Kept Howe from aiding Burgoyne. 
Burgoyne's — Saved New York for the Americans. 
Destroyed the British plan of war. 

British made overtures of peace. 
Americans secured the aid of France. 

5. Winter qn^.rters. 



OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 13 

1. In Valley Forge. Baron von Steuben drills the American 
army. Americans. 
Conway Cabal. 
In Philadelphia. British. 

1778. 

1. The Alliance of France. 

2. Proposals of peace from Great Britain. 

3. Clinton succeeds Howe. 

4. British e\acuate Philadelphia. 

5. Arnold in Command at Philadelphia. 

6. Battle of Monmouth. 

7. Attack on Newport by French fleet and Americans under Sul- 
livan. French fleet sails for the West Indies. 

8. British capture Savannah, 

9. Massacre in Wyoming Valley, Pennsylvania, by Butler and 
Brandt. 

10 .Massacre in Cherry Valley, New York, by Brandt. 
11. Expedition of Geo. Rogers Clark to the Western frontier. 
Read "Alice of Old Vincennes," by Maurice Thompson. 

(1) Object — to quell Indian disturbances. 

(2) Result — Gained the Northwest Territory from Ohio to 
Great Lakes for Virginia. 

(3) Time— 1777-1779. 

1779. 

1. Capture of Augusta by British. 

2. Tryon's raid in Connecticut. 

Object, to draw Washington from New York. 

3. Recapture of Stony Point by Anthony Wayne. 

4. Brier Creek, by General Ashe. 

5. Siege of Savannah by General Lincoln and French fleet. Great 
loss to Americans. 

6. Sullivan's expedition against the Six Nations. (Wyoming and 
Cherry Valley avenged.) 

7. Paul Jones on the sea. 

1780. 

1. Siege of Charleston by Clinton. 

Result — Capture of the city. Surrender of Gen. Lincoln. 

2. Work of the "Ragged Regiments" under Marion, Sumter and 
Lee. 

3. Battle of Camden. 

Com. — Am. Gates. Br. Cornwallis. 

Result — Defeat of American Army. Death of De Kalb. 

4. Treason of Arnold. 
Cause — Plan — Result. 

5. Battle of King's Mountain. (The Bennington of the South.) 

6. Treaty with Holland. 



14 OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 

1731. 
Greene in command at the South. 

1. Battle of Cowpens. 

Am. Morgan. Br. Tarleton. 

2. Mutiny of Pennsylvania soldi eVs. 

3. Arnold in Virginia. 

4. Greene retreats through the Carolinas, followed by Cornwallis. 

5. Guilford Courthouse. 

6. British under Cornwallis retreat to Wilmington, N. C. 

7. Hobkirk's Hill. 

8. Siege of Fort Ninety-six. 

9. Eutaw "Springs. 

10. British shut up in Savannah and Charleston. 

11. Cornwallis in Virginia against Lafayette. 

12. Siege of Yorktown by Americans under Washington, French 
under Rochambeau, and the French fleet. 

13. Surrender of Cornwallis, October 19. 
Result — Close of war. 

VII. Treaty of Peace. 

1. Signed at Paris. 

2. Time— September 3, 1783. 

3. By delegates from England, France, Spain, Holland and Amer- 
ica (Jay, Adams, Franklin). 

4. Provisions: 

(1) Great Britain acknowledged the independence of America. 

(2) Boundaries — 

East and North — As at present. 
West — ^Mississippi river. 
South — Florida. 

(3) Free Navigation of Mississippi and Great Lakes guaran- 
teed to the United States and Great Britain. 

(4) Fishery rights granted to the Americans. 

(5) England retained Canada and control of the St. Lawrence 
river. 

(6) England granted Florida to Spain. 

VIII. Commanders-in-Chief. 
lA — Geo. Washington. 
2B— (1) Thomas Gage. 

(2) Sir William Howe. 

(3) Sir Henry Clinton. 

(4) Sir Guy Carleton. 

IX. For review: 

1. Revolutionary heroes. 

2. An acrostic. (See below.) 

Liberty 
"1775 — Lexington, April 19. 
1776 — Independence, July 4. 



OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 15 

(Read "Alice of Old Vincennes," by Maurice Thompson.) 

1777 — Burgoyne's Surrender, October 19. 

1778 — Evacuation of Philadelphia, June 16. 

1779 — Retribution by General Sullivan. 

1780— Treason of Arnold. 

1781— Yorktown, October 19." 

(The above acrostic will aid the pupils in remembering events of 
the Revolutionary War. Ask them to study event just preceding, and 
an event following.) 

In map books — 

1. Map of Revolutionary War. 

2. Map showing Washington's retreat. 

3. Map showing Burgoyne's campaign. 

The decisive battles in the several wars of the United States are 
generally given as follows: 

a. French and Indian. Taking of Quebec. 

b. Revolution — Saratoga (turning point) and Yorktown (close) ; 
1812, the naval victories on Lakes Erie and Champlain, and New Or- 
leans; Mexican, taking of the City of Mexico. 

c. Civil war, Gettysburg (turning point). 
Appomattox (close). 

d. Spanish-American war, Manila and Santiago — Our Times. 

The Critical Period. 
References: Thomas' U. S. History, Andrews' U. S. History, 
Fiske's Critical Period in U. S. History, Epochs in American History, 
Hart; Anderson's U. S. History, McMaster's U. S. History. 

I. How the colonies became states. 

II. Articles of confederation. 

1. Origin. 

2. Nature. 

(1) Provided for legislative power only. 

(2) States allowed only one vote. 

(3) Sessions of legislature secret. 

(4) Affirmative votes of nine states necessary to pass an or- 
dinance. 

3. Defects. 

(1) Powers merely advisory. 

(2) Made for war, not for peace. 

(3) Made United States a loose union of independent common- 
wealths. 

4. Adoption. 5. Operation. 

III. Disturbances. 

1. Shay's rebellion. 

2. Mutiny of soldiers. 

3. Imprisonment for debt. 

IV. Congress (Last Continental). 
1. Work. 

(1) Established present system of land survey in ordinance 
of 1785. Origin of Public Domain. 



16 OUTLINES OP UNITED STATES HISTORY. 

2. Origin of territories: "Ordinance of 1787." 

(1) Cause — Settlement of Northwestern territory. 

(2) Provisions — 

(a) Name. Territory of the U. S. Northwest of the Ohio river. 

(b) Number of states, three to five. 

(c) Slavery prohibited. 

3. Adjournment, 1788. 

V. Trade convention — 

1. Time, 1786. 

2. Place, Annapolis. 

3. Object — To regulate commerce, between states. 

4. Result — None. 

VI. Constitutional Convention — 

1. Time, May to September, 1787. 

2. Place, Philadelphia. 

3. Personnel — Delegates from , all the states excepting South 
Carolina and Rhode Island. 

4. Object — Revision of Articles of confederation. 

5. Plans — Virginia plan. (McMaster.) New Jersey plan. 

6. Work— The Constitution of the United States. 

7. Compromises — Three. Number of Senators and Representa- 
tives. Representatives of Slaves, 5 to 3. Importation of Slaves 

prohibited after 1808. 
The constitution — 

(1) Parts. — Preamble; Seven Articles; (later) Fifteen Amend- 
ments. 

(2) Sources. 

(3) Nature. 

(4) Adoption by convention, 1787. 

(5) Ratification by states, 1788 to 1790. (N. C. and R. I. ex- 
cepted.) 

(6) Operation, 1789 to 1906. 

VII. Election of president and vice-president. 

VIII. Inauguration of Washington at New York. 

Time— April 30, 1789. 

IX. Condition of country over which Washington was chosen to rule — 

(See McMaster, Eggleston, Thomas' U. S. History.) 

1. Population — 
Number. Distribution, 
Migration westward. 

2. Cities^ 

Size. Conveniences. ^ 

Newspapers. 

3. Communication — 
Bad roads. Postoffice. 
Stage coach. Steamboat. 

4. The Ohio Valley. 



OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 17 

Note — When the class has reached this period in history, the study 
of civil government should be introduced. 

Text-book — U. S. Constitution in pupil's hands. 

hoff C. G., and Dole's American Citizen. 

For reference — Young, Civil Government; Hinsdale C. G.; Nord- 

The pupils make a constitution by which the school is to be 
governed, exactly as the U. S. Constitution was made. 

They organize their legislative body as the first congress was or- 
ganized in the United States. 

Their president and vice president are chosen according to Article 
II and Amendment XII of the Constitution. 

Everything that is studied in the Constitution is made real in the 
school room. 

This Study continues during the year, the class having one lesson 
a week, with occasionally an extra session of the Senate or the 
Supreme Court. 



NATIONAL PERIOD. 
1789 — Washington's Administration — 1797. 

(The Father of His Country.) 
I. Party in Power — Federalist. 
, II. Characterize the President. 

III. Inauguration of President at N. Y., April 30. 

IV. The Cabinet— See Smith's U. S. History. 1. Sec'y of State- 
Jefferson. 2. Secretary of Treasury — Hamilton. 3. Sec'y of War — 
Knox. 4. Attorney General — Edmond Randolph. 

V. Civil affairs— 1. Judiciary Organized. 2. Bill of Rights— First 
ten amendments to Constitution. 3. Naturalization Law, 1790. 

VI. First Tariff Acts— 1789. 

VII. N. C. and R. I. ratify the Constitution, 1790. 

VIII. Death of Franklin, 1790. 

IX. Financial affairs — See Epochs of American History— Hart. 
Hamilton's Financial Measures. 1. Payment of Public Debt, (a) Pro- 
vision for Payment of Debt in Full, (b) State Debts Assumed by 
Government, (c) Bonds Bearing Interest Issued to Amount of Debt — 
Funding the Debt. 2. National Revenue, (a) Duty on Imports, (b) 
Tonnage on Vessels, (c) Excise on Liquors. 3. Public Credit, (a) 
Mint at Philadelphia, (b) National Bank Chartered, 1791. 

X. Location of the National Capital — Washington. 

XI. States Admitted — Vermont, Kentucky, Tennessee. 

XII. Foreign Relations— 1. With France.— (1793) Citizen Genet. 
2. With England— Orders in Council. Jay's Treaty (1795). Pro- 
visions: (a) British to evacuate Forts Detroit, Oswego and Macki- 
naw, (b) Trade with West Indies allowed, (c) Compensation Made 
for Damage to Ships Captured in West Indies. 3. Treaty with Spain 
and Algiers (1795). 

XIII. Cotton Gin by Eli Whitney, 1793. 



18 OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 

XIV. Whiskey Insurrection, 1794. 

XV. Fugitive Slave Law, 

XVI. Campaign — (1) Candidates. (2) Issue — Relations wifh 
France and England. 

XVII. Washington's Farewell Address — (Quote from this.) Re- 
ferences — Epoch's of American History (Hart) ; Goldwin Smith's His- 
tory of U. S.; McMaster's School History; Thomas' United States His- 
tory; Andrews' U. S. History. 

(In map books place two drawings illustrating two important 
events of the administration. Devote one-half hour each week to the 
study of the U. S. Constitution.) 

1797 — John Adams' Administration — 1801. 

(The Colossus of Independence.) 

I. Party in Power — Federalist. 

II. Characterize the President. 

III. Condition of Navy. 

IV. Trouble with France, or Quasi War (1797-1800). 1. X. Y. 
Z. Papers. 2. Napoleon's Treaty, 1800. 

V. Alien and Sedition Laws (1798). Cause — Result. 

VI. Naturalization Period Changed to fourteen years. 

VII. Kentucky Resolutions (1799). Virginia Resolutions (1798). 
Cause — Alien and Sedition Laws. 

VIII. Death of Washington, Dec. 14, 1799. 

IX. Seat of Government Changed to Washington (1800). 

X. Midnight Judiciary (1801). Parties — Federalist, Republican. 

XI. Campaign. 1, Candidates. 2. Issue — Alien and Sedition 
Laws. 3. Result, Election of Adams. 

(Reference — Thomas' U. S. History; Hart — Epochs of American 
History; Larned's Encyclopedia of History; Andrew's U. S. History; 
McMasters' U. S. History.) 

1801 — Jefferson's Administration — 1809. 
(Sage of Monticello.) 

I. Party in Power — Republican. 

II. Characterize the President. 

III. In Congress. (1) President's Message — the first message 
written. (2) Army and Navy reduced. (3) Excise tax taken from 
whiskey. (4) Military Academy at West Point. (5) Naturalization 
period reduced to five years. (6) Repeal of alien and sedition laws. 

IV. Purchase of Louisiana by Monroe and Livingston. (1) Ob- 
ject — Tb increase territory of the United States and gain control of 
the Mississippi. Object of French in selling — Napoleon needed the 
money to carry on his war. (2) Terms, $15,000,000. (3) Time, 1803. 
Location (See map in Map Book). 

V. Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804). Object — Exploration of 
territory acquired. Result — Helped establish our claim to Oregon Ter- 
ritory. 



OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HSTORY. 19 

VI. Exploration of Zebulon Pike (1805). Object— (1) To dis- 
cover source of Mississippi river, Result — Failure. Object — (2) To 
explore the Southwest. Discovery and naming of Pike's Peak. 

VII. Duel between Hamilton and Burr (1804). 

VIII. Twelfth Amendment (1804). Provided for a change in man- 
ner of electing the Vice President of United States. 

IX. War with Tripoli (1801-1806). Cause— Demand of tribute 
from United States by Tripoli. Operations; bombardment of Tripoli. 
Result — United States no longer paid tribute to Tripoli. 

X. Trouble with England and France. (See McMaster.) (Re- 
mote cause of war of 1812.) 1. English orders in council (1807). 
Every port on the face of the earth from which for any reason, British 
ships were excluded, was shut to neutrals unless they first stopped at 
a British port and received license to trade. 2. Milan Decree (1807) 
— France. Any ships which obeyed British orders in council, or en- 
tered any port from which French ships were excluded would be cap- 
tured wherever found. 3. Embargo Act (1807)— America forbade all 
ships to leave American ports for a period of thirty days. Called "O- 
Grab-Me" Act. 4. Firing on the Chesapeake (1807). 

XI. Trial of Aaron Burr for treason (1807). Read "A Man With- 
out a Country,'' by E. E. Hale. 

XII. Fulton's Steamboat (1807). 

XIII. Importation of slaves forbidden (1808). 

XIV. Campaign^. (1) Parties and candidates: Republican, 
Madison; Federalist, Pinckney. (2) Issue — War with England. (3) 
Result — Election of Madison. 

1809 — Madison's Administration — 1817. 
(Father of the Constitution.) 

1. Party in Power — Republican. 

II. Characterize the President. 

III. Trouble with Indians in Northwest Territory. Battle of Tip- 
pecanoe (1811). 

IV. The President and the Little Belt (1811). 

1812. 

V. War of 1812. War for Commercial Independence. 1 Time, 
1812-1814. (See Greene's History of English People.) 

2. Causes — Remote: Measures of retaliation; (a) Orders in Coun- 
cil; (b) Milan Decree; (c) Embargo Act; (d) Violation of neutral 
rights by British sailors; (e) Indian wars. Immediate — Impressment 
of American seamen. 

3. Events— Campaign in Michigan and Canada— By Hull Van 
Rensselear and Dearborn. Object— To invade and conquer Canada. 
Result— Loss of Northwest Territory. (2) On sea— Capture of 300 Brit- 
ish prizes. 

1813. 
(1) Recovery of Northwest Territory. (2) Battle of Lake Erie; 
Perry's victory. (3) Capture and burning of York. (4) Fighting 
along the coast. (5) Creek Indians exterminated. 



20 OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 

1814. 

On Land — (1) Niagara; Lundy's Lane. (2) Plattsburg Bay 
by Thomas McDonough. (3) Burning of Washington. (4) Bombard- 
ment of Baltimore; Fort McHenry. 

1815. ,. ..,«, . : • , 

(1) Battle of New Orleans. (2) Work on Sea. 

4. Treaty — Time, 1814; place, Ghent. Provisions: (1) Conquests 
restored; (2)' 'IVe have been at war; we shall now be at peace." 

5. Results— (1) National debt increased to $127,000,000. (2) 
Commerce ruined. (3) Manufactories established. (4) Prestige of 
United States established among other nations. (5) England virtually 
yielded "The Right of Search." 

VI. Hartford Convention (1814). Place, Hartford. 1. Personnel- 
Federalists from New England. 2. Cause— War of 1812. 3. Resolu- 
tions: (1) A two thirds vote of Congress necessary for a declara- 
tion of war, or admission of a state. (2) Congress limited in its 
power over commerce. (3) Representation in Congress based upon 
number of free inhabitants. (4) Persons of Foreign birth ineligible to 
office. (5) President to serve but one term and not from same state 
two consecutive terms. 

4. Result — Death of Federal Party. 

"VII. American Colonization Society organized (1816). 

VIII. Charter of National Bank (1816) for twenty years. 

IX. Tariff of 1816. 

X. Campaign. 1. Parties and Candidates — Republican, Monroe; 
Federalist, King. 2. Issue — None clearly defined. 3. Result, Election 
of Monroe. 

Reference — Epochs in United States History, Hart; McMaster; 
Greene's History of English People; Thomas' United States History; 
Andrews' United States History; Grady's United States History; Rid- 
path United States History; Larned's Encyclopedia. 

In Map Books — Four illustrations and maps of war of 1812. 

Reference — McMaster's United States History; Epochs in United 
States History, Hart; Thomas' United States History; Andrew's 
United States History. 

1817 — Monroe's Administration — 1825. 

(Era of good feeling.) 

1. Party — Democratic, Republican. 
II. Characterize the President. 

III. Seminole war. Cause: 1. Depredations of Seminole In- 
dians. 2. Jackson's raid in Florida. 3. Result, see Topic IV. 

IV. Purchase of Florida from Spain. Time, 1819. United States 
pays Spain $5,000,000, and Spain surrendered all claim to Texas. 

V. Missouri Compromise — (See Ihomas' United States History.) 



OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 21 

1. Time, 1820. 2. Introduced by Thomas of Illinois, supported by Hen- 
ry Clay. 3. Provisions: (1) Maine admitted as a free state, Missouri 
as a slave state; (2) slavery prohibited north of 36° 30' and west of 
the Mississippi in Louisiana purchase. 4. Result, slave question set- 
tled for twenty years. 

VI. States admitted — Mississippi, 1818; Illinois, 1818; Alabama, 
1819; Maine, 1820; Missouri, 1821. 

VII. Public Improvements — 1. Erie canal, "Clinton's big ditch." 

2. National road, projected from Cumberland to St. Louis; laid out 
to Vandalia, 111.; graded to Plainfield; completed to Indianapolis, Ind. 

VEIL Monroe Doctrine — 1823 (see McMasters' United States His- 
tory) — 1. Causes: (1) Holy alliance, (1815) an alliance formed by the 
European countries — France, Russia, Prussia, Austria and Spain. Ob- 
ject, to maintain monarchial form of government in the colonies of 
those countries; (2) United States recognizes the independence of 
South American republics in 1822; (3) Attempts are made by Russia 
to found a colony on the Pacific coast. 2. Principles: (1) American 
continents no longer open to colonization by European countries; (2) 
United "States would not meddle with political affairs in Europe; (3) 
Old world should not interfere with affairs of the new, nor seek to 
control the destinies of the nations of Western hemisphere. 

IX. Tariff of 1824 — A tariff for protection. 

X. Visit of Lafayette, 1824-1825. 

XL Campaign: 1. Parties and candidates, (1) Democrat; (2) 
Whig. 2. Issue (Thomas), (1) Internal improvement at government 
expense; (2) Tariff for protection. 3. Result — Election of J. Q. Adams 
by house of representatives. 

XII. Westward expansion — (See McMaster). 

1825 — John Q. Adams' Administration — 1829. 
(The Walking Vocabulary.) 

I. Party in power — National Republican. 

II. Characterize the President. 

III. Erie canal opened, 1825. Location, description. 

IV. Anti-Mason society, disappearance of Morgan. 

V. Death of John Adams and Thomas Jefferson, July 4, 1826. 

VI. High protective tariff (1828). "Bill of Abominations." 

VII. First railroad completed. 

VIII. Webster's Dictionary (1828). 

IX. Introduction of gas, India rubber, matches, steel pens, toma- 
toes. 

X. American Peace Society. 

XI. Pan-American congress — (1) Object, mutual protection of 
American republics; (2) result, none. 

XII. Trouble with Creek Indians. (See Hart.) 

XIII. Campaign — 1. Parties and candidates. 2. Issue: Bank, 
protective tariff and internal improvement at government expense. 3. 
Result, Election of Andrew Jackson. 



22 OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 

1829 — Andrew Jackson's Administration — 1837. 
(Old Hickory.) 

I. Party in power — Democratic. 

II. Characterize — (See Goldwin Smith's United States History; 
Andrews' United States History). 

III. Postmaster General added to cabinet. 

IV. Jackson's Kitchen Cabinet — (See Larned's Encyclopedia). 

V. Changes in the Civil Service — Spoils system inaugurated. "To 
the victors belong the spoils." 

VI. Mormonism — 1830. Church established by Joseph Smith. 

VII. Webster-Hayne debate— 1830. In the senate: 1. By Daniel 
Webster against Robert Hayne. 2. Cause: Foote's resolutions on 
the sale of public lands. 3. Subjects discussed: (1) Public lands; 
(2) Nullification; (3) The Constitution; (4) The Union. (See John- 
eon's "American Orations"; Hart's "Epochs in United States History." 

VIII. Veto of National Bank— By Jackson, 1832. 1. Cause? 2. 
Result, panic of '37 and wild speculation. 

IX. Black Hawk War— 1832. 

X. Calhoun's resignation as vice president. 

XI. Nullification of South Carolina (1832)— 1. Leaders: (1) Cal- 
houn; (2) Hayne. 2. Cause: Tariff. 3. Resignation of Hayne and 
Calhoun from senate. 4. Purport: (1) Tariff of '28 and '32 declared 
null and void; (2) In case the government interfered, South Carolina 
would be absolved from the Union. 5. Result: (1) Force act; (2) 
Clay's compromise. 

XII. Force Act — Troops to South Carolina. 

XIII. Webster-Calhoun debate. Cause: 1. Nullification; 2. 
Force act. 

XIV. Compromise of 1833 by Clay — (1) Provision: Reduction of 
tariff 10 per cent, every other year till 1841. Result: Healed the 
breach for the time being. (See Hart.) 

XV. Foreign Relations — With England: Recovered the West In- 
dian trade for American ships. With France: Settlement of spolia- 
tion claims of 1803. (See Andrews.) 

XVI. Meteoric shower, 1833. 

XVII. McCormick's reaper, 1834. 

XVIII. Removal of public funds to state banks (1833). Result: 
1. Increase of state banks. 2. Resolutions of censure. 

XIX. Indian territory organized. 

XX. Issue of Specie Circular, 1835. 

XXI. Great fire in New York, 1834. 

XXII. Second Seminole War, 1835-1842—1. Cause: Attempt to 
move Seminole Indians west of Mississippi. 2. Leader: Osceola. 3. 
Result: (1) Indians removed to West; (2) Maroons reduced to slav- 
ery; (3) 1.500 whites lost: (4) cost $4,000,000. (See Andrews.) 

XXIII. State admitted— Michigan, 1837. 

XXIV. Campaign — 1. Parties and candidates: (1) Democratic — 
Van Buren; (2) Whig— Harrison. 2. Issue: (1) The bank; (2) tariff. 



OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 23 

3. Results: Election of Van Buren — "Jackson's third term." 

In Map Books — Five illustrations and map of acquired territory. 

XXV. Topics for Written recitation: 1. Henry Clay. 2. D. Web- 
ster. 3. Andrew Jackson. 4. Robert Hayne. 5. J. C. Calhoun. G. 
W. C. Bryant. 7. Washington Irving. 8. J. F. Cooper. 9. H. W. 
Longfellow. 10. J. G. Whittier. 

XXVI. For Literature during Jackson's administration see 
Thomas. 



Martin Van Buren's Administration, 1837 — 1841. 
"A man of fine courage and elevation of view: In rejecting over- 
tures of annexation from Texas. In settling Canadian Rebellion. In 
finishing Seminole War." 

("The Little Magician.") 

I. Characterize. 

II. Party in Power — Democratic. Vice President, R. M. Johnson. 
IIL Panic of '37. 

1. Causes: (1) Veto of National Bank; (2) Distribution of Pub- 
lic Funds among State Banks. (3) Wild speculation in Western 
lands. 

2. Result — (1) Failures in private business. (2) Ruin of public 
credit of United States with foreign countries. (3) Sub-Treasury 

scheme. (See Topic VIII). 

IV. Canadian Rebellion— 1837. 

1. Cause? 

2. Result? 

V. Slavery. 

1. Murder of Lovejoy. 

2. Texas applies for admission (1837). 

3. Mobbing of Garrison. 

4. Second Seminole war (1835-1842). 

5. Anti slavery societies organized. 

VI. First Normal School at Lexington, Mass., (1839) by Edmond 

Dwight. 

VII. Temperance Reform, 1840. "The Washingtonian Society." 

VIII. Sub-Treasury Bill or Independent Treasury Bill — 1840. 

1. Cause — Panic of '37. 

2. Provisions: (1) All money collected by United States officials 
to be turned over to the "Receivers General." (2) "Rooms, 
Vaults and Safes" to be provided for safe keeping of that money. 
(3) These "rooms, etc.," to be at Boston, New York, Charleston 
and St. Louis. 

3. Result — Bill, passed in 1840, was repealed in 1841, was re- 
enacted in 1846, and is still in force. 

IX. Campaign — "Log Cabin and Hard Cider Campaign." 

1. Parties and Candidates — (1) Whig, Harrison and Tyler. (2) 
Democratic, Van Buren. (3) Liberty, Birney. 

2. Issue— Slavery, Bank, Tariff. 



24 OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 

3. Result — Election of Harrison and Tyler. 

Reference — McMaster's U. S. History, Epochs in American History 
by Hart, Thomas' U. S. History, Andrews' U. S. History, Jameson's 
Dictionary of American History. 

In Map Books — One illustration of Van Buren's administration. 



Harrison and Tyler's Administration, 1841 — 1845. 

I. Party in Power — Whig. 

II. Characterize the President. 

III. Death of President Harrison. 

Tyler, President. 

I. Party in Power. 

1. Whig Senate. 

2. Democratic House. 

3. President who was neither a Whig nor a Democrat. 

II. Repeal of Sub-Treasury Bill, lo^x. 

III. Veto of National Bank, 1841, followed by the resignation of the 

cabinet. 

IV. Bankrupt Law passed, 1841. 

V. Webster-Ashburton treaty (1842), or Treaty of Washington. (See 

Wilson, "Epochs in U. S. History.") . 

1. By Daniel Webster and Lord Ashburton. 

2. Provisions — (1) Settled Northeast boundary. (2) Settled the 
"right of search." (3) Defined U. S. Fishing rights in British 

waters. 

VI. Dorr's Rebellion, 1842— in Rhode Island. 

1. Suffrage. 

2. Change in Constitution of State. 

3. Leader— Thos. W. Dorr. 

VII. Trouble with the Mormons. Migration to Utah. 

VIII. Inventions. 

1. Telegraph by Morse, 1837-1844. 

2. Vulcanization of rubber, 1844. 

IX. V\^hitman's work for Oregon. Resulted in saving of Oregon for 

United States. 

X. First treaty with China (1844). 

XI. Anti-rent riots in New York (1845). 

XII. Campaign. 

1. Parties and candidates— (1) Democratic, Polk. (2) Whig, 
Clay. (3) Liberty, Birney. 

2. Issue — Annexation of Texas. 

3. Result— (1) Election of Polk. (2) Annexation of Texas. 

XIII. Annexation of Texas, 1845. 

1. Interesting dates in History of Texas: (1) Battle of San 
Jacinto, 1836. (2) Independence from Mexico, 1837. (3) Ap- 
plication for admission, 1837. (4) Annexed to United States, 
1845 (March). (5) Became a state, 1845 (December). 



OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 25 

References, Larned's Encyclopedia of History, Andrew's U. S. 
History, McMaster's U. S. History and Goldwin Smith's U. S. History. 

In Map Book — An illustration of Harrison and Tyler's administra- 
tion. 

1845 — James K. Polk's Administration — 1849. 

I. Party in Power — Democratic. 

II. Characterize the President. 

III. — Naval School at Annapolis, 1845. 

IV. Last expedition of Sir John Franklin, 1845. 

V. Settlement of Northwest boundary (1846) by a treaty. Provided 

that 49° north latitude be the northwest boundary. (See ' vVTiit- 
man's Work for Oregon," during Tyler's administration.) 
Results of treaty — 

1. Saved Oregon for United States. 

2. Averted war with Great Britain. 
"VI. Inventions. 

1. Sewing machine by Howe, 1846. 

2. Cylinder printing press by Hoe, 1847. 

VII. Passage of Independent Treasury Bill, 1846. (See panic of '37, 
and Sub-Treasury bill in Wilson's Epochs of U. S. History.) 

VIII. Smithsonian Institute, 1846. 

IX. Wilmot proviso, 1846. 

1. Cause— Requisition of $2,000,000 to settle boundary question 
with Mexico. 

2. Provisions — The request to be granted, provided no slavery 
be allowed in the territory acquired from Mexico. 

3. Result — Failed to pass, and the question was settled, in part, 
by Mexican war. 

X. Mexican War. (Andrews' United States History; Thomas' United 

States History.) 

1. Time, 1846-1848. 

2. Cause — 

(1) Boundary line between Texas and Mexico. 

(2) Occupation of disputed territory. 

3. Commanders-in chief — United States, General Scott; Mexico, 
Santa Anna. 

4. Preliminary events — 

(1) Occupation of disputed territory by Taylor. 

(2) Palo Alto. 

(3) Resaca de la Palma. 

(4) Matamoras. 

5. Declaration of War, May 13, 1846. 
(Lincoln's "Spot Resolutions," McMaster.) 

6. Campaigns — Preliminary campaign by Fremont (1845) (third 
expedition west). Object — To occupy California. 

(1) By Kearney from Leavenworth west, through New Mexico 
and Arizona. Object — To occupy territory in New Mexico. 
Engagements — Santa Fe. 

(2) By Taylor. Object — To occupy disputed territory. 



2C OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 

(See "Preliminary Events.") 
Engagements — 

(1) Monterey; Buena Vista (1847), by Scott. 

(2) Capture of Vera Cruz (1847). 

(3) Cerro Gordo. 

(4) Puebla. 

(5) Chapultepec. 

(6) Mexico City (1847). 

7. Treaty. 

(1) Time — February 14. 1848. — 

(2) Place — Guadalupe Hidalgo. 

(3) By commissioners from United States and Mexico. 

(4) Provisions — 

(a) Rio Grande river, the boundary between United States 
and Mexico. 

(b) California, New Mexico and part of Arizona ceded to the 
United States. 

(c) United States to pay Mexico $15,000,000 and to assume 
$3,500,000 due Texan citizens. 

8. Results of war — 

(1) Revived question of slavery in United States politics. 

(2) United States acquired 500,000 square miles of territory. 
(8) Trained soldiers for the Civil War. 

9. Some things said — 

(1) Only war United States ever waged for acquisition of ter- 
ritory. 
(2) Repetition of the story of "The Wolf and the Lamb." 
Note: Place map of this war in map-book with one illustration. 

XI. New tariff law providing for tariff for revenue only. 

XII. (5<3ld in California, 1849. 

XIII. Department of the Interior created Mq^rch, 1849. 

XIV. Campaign. Parties and candidates — 

1. Whig. Taylor and Fillmore. Democratic, Cass. Free Soil, 
Van Buren. 

2. Issue — Slavery. 

3. Result — Taj^lor and Fillmore elected. 

1849 — Taylor and FilFmore's Administration — 1853. 
(See Johnston's "American Orations" for the speeches of Clay, 
Webster and Calhoun.) 

I. Party in Power — Whig. 

II. Characterize General laylor, "Old Rough and Ready." 

III. California applies for admission. 

IV. Invasion of Cuba by Lopez, 1849-1851. (See Larned's Encyclo- 

pedia of History.) 

V. Omnibus bill. (See McMaster's United States History.) 

1. Time— 1850. 

2. Cause — 

(1) Application of California for admission to Union. 

(2) Settlement of Slavery in the new territory. 



OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 27 

(3) Enactment — at different times in three bills. 

4. Supporters — Whigs: Clay, Webster, Seward. 

5. Provisions — See McMaster's United States History. First bill — 

(1) Admission of California as a free state. 

(2) Territorial government for New Mexico and Utah. 

(3) The present northern and western boundary of Texas with 
a gift of money, $10,000,000. 

Second bill. (4) Prohibition of slave trade in District of Colum- 
bia. 
Tbird bill. (5) Fugitive Slave Law, providing for the capture 
and delivery of fugitive slaves. 

6. Results — 

(1) Multiplied the opponents of slavery. 

(2) Killed the Whig party. 

VI. Death of Taylor, 1850; Calhoun, 1850; Clay, 1852; Webster, 1852. 

VII. Publication of "Uncle Tom's Cabin," 1852, by Harriet B^ecbor 
Stowe. 

VIII. Clayton-Bulwer treaty, 1850. (See Wilson's Epochs in United 
States History.^ 

1. Provisions — Establishing a joint Anglo-American protectorate 
over any ship canal that might be cut through the Isthmus of 
Panama. 

Note: More than thirty years to elapse before it was needed. 

IX. Letter postage reduced to three cents. 

X. Maine law (Prohibition law) passed 1851. 

XI. Kossuth's visit to United States, 1851-1852. 

XII. Personal Liberty bill passed in New England. U. G. R. R. (Un- 

der-Ground Railroad) in operation 1852. 
VIII. Campaign. 

1. Parties and candidates — 

(1) Whig, Winfield Scott; Democratic, Franklin Pierce; Free 
Soil, Hale. 

(2) Issue — Slavery. 

(3) Result — Pierce elected. 

In map-books — One illustration of Taylor and Fillmore's admin- 
istration. 

1853 — Administration of Franklin Pierce — 1857. 

I. Party in Power — Northern Democrat. 

II. Characterization of President — Northern man with Southern prin- 

ciples. 

III. Gadsden purchase — By Henry Gadsden for United States. 

1. Cause — Boundary Dispute. 

2. Time— 1853. 

3. Territory acquired, 45,535 square miles of territory south of 
New Mexico. 

4. Terms, $10,000,000 paid to Mexico. 

IV. Arctic Expeditions for scientific purposes by Dr. Kane. 

Time— 1853-1858. 



28 OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 

V. Perry's treaty with Japan, 1854. 

1. By Commodore Perry. 

2. Object — To gain commercial privileges in the Orient. 

3. Provisions — Opened ports of Japan to America. 

VI. Filibustering expeditions into Cuba by William Walker, 1853-1858. 

VII. Ostend Manifesto (see Andrews' U. S. History), 1854. 

1. Place — Ostend, Belgium. 

2. By the American ministers to England, France and Spain. 

3. Cause — See Topic VI. 

4. Principles — 

(1) Acquisition of Cuba would be advantageous to the United 
States. 

(2) If Spain refused to sell Cuba, United States would be justi- 
fied in wresting it from her. (See Wilson, Epochs of American 

History.) 

VIII. World's Fair at New York, 1853. 

IX. Kansas-Nebraska bill, 1854. (See Andrews, Thomas and Mc- 

Master.) 

1. By Stephen A. Douglas. 

2. Cause — 

(1) Territorial organization of land west of the Missouri river. 

(2) To compromise with the South on the slavery question. 

3. Provisions — Doctrine of "Squatter Sovereignty" promulgated. 

(1) Two territories, Kansas and Nebraska, to be organized. 

(2) Question of slavery, i. e., as to whether the territories 
should be free or slave when they became states, left to the 
people. 

4. Result— 

(1) Civil war in Kansas. 

(2) Party feeling in Congress: Assault on Charles Sumner. 

(3) Congress no longer controlled slavery in the territories. 

X. Brook's assault on Charles Sumner, 1856. (See Topic IX.) 

XI. Topeka Constitution for Kansas; free; 1855 and 1856. (See An- 
drews.) 

1. First National Republican Convention in 1856. ( See McMaster.) 

2. Principles: 

(1) Internal improvements. 

(2) Protection. 

(3) National banking system. 

(4) Required confinement of slavery to narrowest constitutional 
limits. 

3. Composed of Northern Whigs, Anti-Lecompton Democrats and 
Know-Nothings. 

XIII. Railroads: 

1. Panama Railroad completed in 1855, 

2. Pacific Railroad surveyed in 1853. 

XIV. Campaign — 

1. Candidates and parties: 



OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 29 

(1) Republican — Fremont. 

(2) Democratic — Buchanan. 

(3) Whigs — Fillmore. 

2. Issue — Extension of slavery. 

3. Result — Election of Buchanan, 

Note — In map-books, one illustration and a map of the territory 
acquired. 

Topics for review: 

1. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. 

2. Wilmot proviso. 

3. Omnibus Bill. 

4. Personal Liberty bills. 

5. Invasion of Cuba. 



1857^Administration of James Buchanan — 1861. 

I. Party in Power — Democratic. 

II. Characterize the President. 

III. Dred Scott decision (1857). 

1. Question — Status of the negro. 

2. Place — Supreme Court of the United States. 

3. Decision — Dred Scott was not a citizen within the meaning of 
the Constitution; that he had no rightful standing in the lower 
courts. 

"The negro has no rights which the white man is bound to re- 
spect." — Chief Justice Taney. 

4. Result: 

(1) More "Personal Liberty" bills, 

(2) Negro brought back to slavery. 

IV. Personal Liberty bills (1857). 

1. Cause — Fugitive Slave Law. 

2. Provision — Help for fugitive slaves. 

3. Result — One of the remote causes of Civil War. 

V. Rebellion in Utah (1857-1860). 

VI. Panic of 1857. 

Cause — Reckless speculation. 

VII. Trouble in Kansas, "lecompton Constitution." 1857-1858. 

VIII. Atlantic cable by Cyrus W. Field, three attempts. 

1. 1857, failure. 

2. 1858, failure. 

3. 1858, from v^alencia Bay, Ireland, to Trinity Bay, New Found- 
land, successful for three weeks. 

IX. Lincoln-Douglass debate (1858). 

Cause — Race for senatorship of Illinois. 
Subjects — Political issues of the day. 
Result: 

(1) Douglass made senator from Illinois. 

(2) Lincoln won a national reputation fhich gained for him the 
nomination for president of the United States. 

X. John Brown's Raid, 1859. 



30 OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 

1. Place — Virginia. 

2. Object — To stir up an insurrection among the slaves and thus 
secure their liberation. 

3. Result: 

(a) Arsenal at Harper's Ferry seized. 

(b) Leader captured and hanged for treason against Virginia. 

(c) Breach between the North and South widened. 

XI. States admitted: 

1. Minnesota, 1858. 

2. Oregon, 1859. 

3. Kansas, 1861. 

XII. Campaign: 

1. Parties and candidates: 

(a) Republican, Lincoln. 

(b) Northern Democrat, Douglass. 

(c) Southern Democrat, Breckenridge. 

(d) Constitutional Union, Bell. 

2. Issue — Slavery. 

3. Result: 

(a) Election of Lincoln. 

(b) Secession of Southern states (headed by South Carolina). 
Note — Platforms of political parties (in brief) : 
Republican. 
Right and duty of Congress to forbid slavery. 
Northern Democrats. 
Supported the Kansas-Nebraska bill 

Southern Democrats. 
Right and duty of Congress to protect slavery in the territories. 

Constitutional Union. 
The Constitution, the Union, and the enforcement of the law. 

XIII. The Southern Confederacy: 

1. Formation — 1860 and 1861. 

2. Name — The Confederate States of America. 

3. Officers — President, J. Davis; Vice President, A, H. Stephens. 

4. States belonging: (1) South Carolina, (2) Georgia, (3) Flor- 
ida, (4) Alabama, (5) Mississippi, (6) Louisiana, (7) Texas. 
Later: (8) North Carolina, (9) Virginia, (10) Tennessee, (11) 
Arkansas. 

5. Capital: 

(a) Montgomery, Ala. 

(b) Richmond, Va. (later). 

1861 — Administration of Lincoln — 1865. 

I. Party in Power — Republican. 

II. Characterize the President. (Read "Hapgood's Life of Lincoln"; 

also "Life of Lincoln" by Hay.) 

III. The Civil War, or "War for the Union." 

1. Time— 1861-1865. 

2. Place — South of Mason and Dixon's line. 



OUTLINES Or UNITED STATES HISTORY. 31 

3. Causes: 

(1) Remote — 

(a) Want of intercourse between the North and South. 

(b) Different construction put upon the Constitution. 

(c) Different system of labor. 

(d) Increase of territory. 

(2) Immediate — 

(a) Slavery. 

(b) Secession. 

See Andrew's U. S. History, Epochs of U. S. History, by Wilson; 
McMaster's U. S. History; Standard History of U. S., by Ellis. 

4. Acts and Events Influencing — 

(a) Cotton gin, 1793. 

(b) Fugitive Slave Laws, 1793-1850. 

(c) Tariff Laws (1816-1833). 

(d) Missouri Compromise (1820). 

(e) Nullification of South Carolina (1832). 

(f) Annexation of Texas (1845). 

(g) Wilmot Proviso (1846). 
(h) Omnibus Bill (1850). 

(1) Kansas-Nebraska Bill (1854). 

(3) Personal Liberty Bills (1857). 
(k) Dred Scott Decision (1859). 
(1) John Brown's Raid (1859). 

(m) Publication of Partisan books, 
(n) Anti-Slavery Societies. 

(0) Formation of New Political Parties. 

5. Commanders-in-Chief — 

(1) Federalist— Scott, Halleck, McClellan, Grant. 

(2) Confederate — Johnston, Lee. 

6. (Campaign and Events — 

1861. 

1. Attack on Ft. Sumter, April 12. 

2. Call for 75,000 troops by Lincoln. 

3. Riot in Baltimore, April 19. 

4. Blockade of Southern States declared. 

5. Secession of Arkansas, Tennessee, North Carolina and Vir- 
ginia. 

6. Campaign in Virginia — 
Occupation of Alexandria. 
Death of Col. Ellsworth. 
Skirmishes in Shenandoah Valley. 
Battle of Bull Run, July 21. 

Commanders: Federal — McDowell. Confederate — Beauregard 
and Johnstone. 
Results — 

(1) Defeat of Federal troops. 

(2) Encouraged South to consider themselves invincible. 



S2 OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 

(3) Taught North that war would not be short. 

(4) McClellan given command of troops east of Ohio. 

7. Campaign in Missouri — (Read "The Crisis.") 
Object — To keep Missouri in the Union. 

Engagements — Booneville, June 18 ; Williamson's Creek, Aug. 10. 
Result — Prevented secession of Missouri. 

8. Expedition against Port Royal, S. C, under Dupont; troops 
under Sherman. 

Results — Capture of the fort, the finest harbor on the southern 
coast. 

9. Removal of Confederate capital to Richmond, Va. 

10. Trent Affair — 

Object of Attack: To intercept Confederate commissioners, 

Mason and Slidell. 
Result — Almost a war with England. Commissioners returned 

to the South. 

11. Attitude of foreign nations, particularly England, France and 
Russia. 

12. McClellan appointed General in Chief. 

13. Result of year's work — Northern states make preparation for 
war. France and Engand recognize Southern States as bellig- 
erents. 

1863. 

1. Merrimac and the Union fleet (March 8). 
Place — Hampton Roads. 

The Merrimac and the Monitor (March 9). 
Result — Drawn battle. Revolution of naval warfare. 
Note — Study John Ericsson. 

2. Campaign in Kentucky, Tennessee and the West — 
Object — To break Confederate line. 

Commanders— Federal, Halleck. Confederate, Johnstone (killed 
at Shiloh). 
Engagements — 

(1) Confederates evacuate Fort Henry. 

(2) Capture of Fort Donelson by Grant and Commodore Foote. 
"No terms except unconditional and immediate surrender can 

be accepted." — U. S. Grant. 
(4) Shiloh, or Pittsburg Landing. April 6 and 7. 
Commanders — Grant against Johnstone. 

Result — Confederates forced to retire. Grant advances to 
Corinth. 

3. Campaign in the East — 

Object — To capture Richmond; to defend Washington. (See 

McMaster.) 
Engagements during advance on Richmond. 

(1) Siege of Yorktown and Williamsburg. 

(2) Battle of Fair Oaks (Johnston wounded). May 31, June 1. 

(3) Jackson's Raid in the Shenandoah Valley. 



OUTLINES OP UNITED STATES HISTORY. 33 

(4) Seven Days' Battle, or the Peninsular compaign. 
Time— June 26 to July 1. 

Commanders — McClellan against Joseph Johnston and Lee. 
At (a) Mechanicsville. 

(b) Gaines' Mill. 

(c) Frazier's Farm. 

(d) Malvern Hill. 

(e) McClellan retreats to Harrison's Landing. Halleck 
appointed General in Chief. 

4. Pope's campaign in Virginia. 
Object — To capture Richmond. 
Engagements — Stuart's Raid; Battle of Bull Run. 
Result — Defeat of Federal army; Pope joins McClellan. 

5. Opening of the Mississippi. 

From north by Pope and Comodore Foote. 

(1) Surrender of Island No. 10 (April 7). 

(2) Engagement at Fort Pillow (May 10). 

(3) Capture of Memphis (June 6). 

(4) From south by Farragut and General Butler: — 
Capture of New Orleans (April 25). 

Result — Mississippi opened from source to mouth excepting 
Vicksburg and Port Hudson. 

6. Bragg's Invasion of Kentucky. 

Object — To break through the Union line and drive it back. 
Opposed by Buell. 

Bragg marches from Chattanooga northward (August 30). 
Buell marches from Nashville to Louisvine. 
(1) Battle of Perry ville. 
Union troops in Nashville under Rosecrans. 
(2) Battle of Murfreesboro (December 31 and January 2). 
Commanders — Rosecrans against Bragg. 
Result — Defeat of Confederates. 
Results of camapign — All attempts to recover Kentucky aban- 
doned. 

7. Campaign in Mississippi. 

Object — To capture Confederate stores. 

Commanders — Grant (F.) against Van Dorn and Price (C.) 

Engagements — 

(1) Battle of luka. 

(2) Battle of Corinth. 

Result — Capture of Confederate stores. 

8. Lee's Invasion of Maryland. 
Object — To capture Washington. 
Engagements — 

(1) South Mountain. 

(2) Surrender of Harper's Ferry to Johnston (Sept. 14). 

(3) Antietam or Battle of Sharpsburg (Sept. 17). 
Commanders — McClellan (F.) against Lee (C.) 



84 OUTLINES OF UNITED STAiBS HISTORY. 

(4) Lee's retreat into Virginia. 

(5) Fredericksburg (Dec. 13). 

Defeat of Federalists. 
Burnside against Lee. 
Result of campaign — 

(1) Confederates driven southward. 

(2) McClellan loses his command. 

(3) Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation issued by Lincoln 
Sept. 22, 1862. 

9. Result of year's work — 
Fortunes about evenly divided. 
North — Opened the Mississippi. 
South — Saved Richmond for the Confederacy. 
Slaves declared "contraband of war." 
Note — In map books ,place maps showing principal campaigns of 
1862. 

1863. 

I. Emancipation Proclamation Jan. 1, 1863. 

1. Preliminary proclamation on September 22, 1862, freeing 
slaves unless the Confederate States returned to their allegi- 
ance by Jan. 1, 1863. (See McMasters' U. S. History; also Wil- 
son's Epochs of U. S. History.) 

2. Reasons for issue of Emancipation Proclamation: 

(a) To make the North more zealous. 

(b) To prevent England from acknowledging the independ- 
ence of the South. 

(c) As a "fit and necessary war measure," Lincoln. 

II. Burnside superseded by Hooker. 

III. Campaign in Virginia and the East. 

Commanders — Union, Hooker and Meade; Confederate, Lee and 
Jackson. 
Engagements — 

1. Chancellorsville, May 2-3; Confederates successful; (Stone- 
wall Jackson killed). 

2. Lee's second invasion of the North; (Hooker resigns and is 
succeeded by Meade). 

Gettysburg — July 1-4; losses 23,000 on each side. Lers re- 
treat into Virginia. Union forces north side of Rapahan- 
nock. (Study Lincoln's Gettysburg Address.) 

Results of campaign — 

(1) Turning of the tide of war. 

(2) Confederates abandoned all hope of entering the North. 

IV. Opening of the Mississippi by Grant and Porter. (See McMaster.) 

1. Grant below Vicksburg. 

2. Point Gibson; Pemberton defeated. 

3. Jackson — Johnston defeated. 

4. Siege of Vicksburg (seven weeks). 

5. Surrender of Port Hudson (July 9). 



OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 35 

Result — 

(1) Louisiana and Texas cut off from the remainder of tbe 
Confederacy. 

(2) "Mississippi flowed unvexed to the sea," Lincoln. 
V. Tennessee — 

1. Campaign by Bragg against Rosecrans. 

2. Object to gain Tennessee. 

3. Engagements — 

(1) Chickamauga (Sept. 19-20). Rosecrans and Thomas, Feder- 
als; Bragg and Longstreet, Confederates. 

(2) Siege of Chattanooga (Nov. 23-25). Commanders — Rose- 
crans and Thomas reinforced by Grant, Hooker and Sherman, 
Union; Bragg, Confederate. 

(3) Battle of Lookout Mountain (Battle above the Clouds). 
Commanders — Hooker, Union; Bragg, Confederate. 

4. Scaling of Missionary Ridge (Nov. 25). 
Result — 

(1) Confederates driven from Tennessee. 

(2) Bragg superseded by Johnston. 

VI Siege of Charleston by Admiral Dupont. Unsuccessful ; fleet with- 
drawn. 
VII. Draft Riots, New York City. 

1864. 

1. Commanders of Armies — 
Union — 

(1) Grant, lieutenant general, in command of Eastern forces. 

(2) Sherman, commander of Western army. 
Confederate — 

(1) Lee in East; 

(2) Johnson superseded by Hood in West. 

2. Plan of campaign (McMaster). 

(1) By Grant— to drive Lee back and take Richmond. 

(2) By Sherman — To attack Johnston and push his way to the 
sea. 

5. Camapign in West, Sherman against Johnston. 

(1) Sherman's advance to Atlanta. Battle at Resaca; battle 
at Kenesaw Mountain. (Johnston is superseded by Hood.) 

(2) Capture of Atlanta, Sept. 5. 

(3) Hood at Nashville is followed by Thomas. Battle of 
Nashville. 

Result — Hood's army destroyed Dec. 15. 

(4) Sherman's march to the Sea. Capture of Savannah. Sher- 
man rests a month at Savannah. 

(5) Results of Campaign — 

(a) Confederacy shown to be an empty shell. 

(b) Country devastated. 

(c) Resistance in West at an end. 

4. Campaign in the East by General Grant against General Lee. 
Object — To take Richmond. 
Engagements — 



36 OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 

(1) Battle of Wilderness (May 5-6); Confederate advantage. 

(2) Spottsylvania Court House (May 10-12); Confederate ad- 
vantage. 

(3) Cold Harbor, June 3. 

(4) Attack on Petersburg (June 18). 

(5) Mine explosion at Petersburg (July 30). 

(6) Capture of Welden R. R. (Aug. 18). 

Result — Grant ready to annihilate Lee's army and destroy 
the Confederacy. 

5. Early in Shenandoah Valley. 

Object — To attract Grant's attention from Lee. 
Operations — 

(1) Sigel and Hunter driven down the valley by Early. 

(2) Washington threatened. (Defended by Lew Wallace.) 

(3) Early driven up the valley by Sheridan. 

(4) Unionists devastate the valley. 

(5) Cedar Creek, Oct. 18-20. (Read Sheridan's Ride, by 
Buchanan Read.) 

(6) Result of Campaign — Confederates confined to Richmond. 

6. On Sea — 

(1) Alabama and Kearsarge (June 14). Captain Semmes 
against Captain Winslow, 

(2) Blockade of Moble Bay, Aug. 5, by Admiral Farragut. 
Federalists successful. 

1865. 
(Closing Operations of the War.) 

1. Grant's Campaign near Richmond. (Grant is aided by Sheri- 
dan.) 

(1) Battle of Five Forks, April 1. Sheridan against Lee. 

(2) Grant enters Petersburg and Richmond, April 2. 

(3) Appomattox Court House; surrender of Lee's army, April 
9, 1865. 

2. Sherman's March through the Carolinas. 
-^ (1) Evacuation of Charleston. 

(2 Battle of Bentonville, March 19. 

(3) Sherman enters Raleigh (April 3). 

(4) Surrender of Johnston's army, April 26. 

3. On the Sea— 

(1) Ft. Fisher, North Carolina (Jan. 15,) by Admiral Porter 
and General Terry. 

Close of War. 

4. Result— 

(1) Losses: 

(a) Commercial industry destroyed. 

(b) 625,000 men lost. 

(c) $2,790,000,000 debt incurred. 

(2) Military— 

(a) Improvement in firearms. 

(b) Improvement in method of transporting armies. 



OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 37 

(c) Naval warfare revolutionized. 
(i) Political. 

(a) Emancipation Proclamation. 

(b) Preservation of the Union. 

(c) Three amendments to the Constitution, XIII. XIV and 
XV. 

XIII — Frees the slave. 

XIV — Makes the slave a citizen. 

XV — Makes the slave a voter. 

(d) Republican party in power. 

IV. Vassar College (1861) by Mathew Vassar. 

V. Death of Stephen A. Douglass. 

VI. Interference of the French in Mexican affairs. (1861-1867.) (See 
Andrews.) 

1. Napoleon sends troops to invade Mexico (1861). 

2. Napoleon sends Maximilian to establish an empire (1863). 

3. Napoleon withdraws the French troops and Maximilian is shot 
(1867). 

(Events During War.) 

VII. Catling Gun invented (1861). 

VIII. Trent affair (1861). 

IX. Homestead Act (1862). 

X. Sioux War 1862-1863). 

XI. Emancipation Proclamation (1863). (See Civil War 1863.) 

XII. Admission of — 

1. West Virginia, 1863. 

2. Nevada, 1864. 

XIII. Political Campaign. 

1. Parties and candidates — 
Republican — Lincoln. 
Democratic — McClellan. 

2. Issue — 
Management of the War. 

3. Result- 
Election of Lincoln. 

1865 — Lincoln and Johnson's Administration — 1869 

I. Party in Power — Republican. 

II. Closing operations of the War — 

1. Lee's surrender at Appomattox Court House, April 9, 1865. 

2. Johnston's surrender to Sherman, April 26, 1865. 

III. Assassination of President Lincoln, April 14, 1865, by Booth at 
Ford's Theatre. Cause — Fancied wrongs to South. 

1865 — Johnson, President — 1869 

Characterize. 

IV. Capture of Assassins. 

V. Capture of J. Davis, who was later released on bail and never re- 
turned to prison. May 10, 1865. 



gj? OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 

VI. Amnesty Proclamation by Johnson, May, 1865. 

VII. Disbanding of the army. 

VIII. Ratification of Thirteenth Amendment. 1865. 

IX. Reconstruction — (See McMaster.) 

1. Policy of Johnson, the president. 

(a) A repeal of the Articles of Secession. 

(b) A repudiation of Confederate War debt. 

(c) Ratification of Thirteenth Amendment, 1865. 

(d) Establishment of a Military Government for the South. 

2. Policy of Congress — 

(a) Nullification of Articles of Secession. 

(b) Repudiation of Confederate War Debt. 

(c) Ratification of 13th, 14th and 15th Amendments. 

(d) The Iron-Clad Oath. 

(e) Establishment of a Freedman's Bureau. 

(f) Establishment of a Provisional Government for the South. 
(Policy of Congress adopted.) See Wilson's Epochs in American 

History. Read "Red Rock," by Thos. Nelson Page. "The Crisis," by 
Churchill. 

X. Atlantic Cable, by Cyrus W. Field, 1866. 

XI. Maximilian's Fate (1867) — A result of the enforcement of the 

Monroe Doctrine. 

XII. Purchase of Alaska, 1867. 

1. From Russia. 

2. Terms— $7,200,000. 

3. Causes — 

Fisheries; cable; to accommodate Russia. 

XIII. 1. Thirteenth Amendment, made the negro free. 

2. Fourteenth Amendment, made the negro a citizen. 

3. Fifteenth Amendment, made the negro a voter. 

XIV. Tenure of Office bill, 1867. (See McMaster.) 

1. Cause — 

Quarrel between President Johnson and Congress. 

2. Pro\ision — 

President could henceforth only suspend Federal officers — not 
remove them while the Senate inquired into cause for sus- 
pension. 

XV. Impeachment of President Johnson, 1868. 

1. Cause — 

(a) Violation of Tenure of Office bill; removal of Stanton, Sec- 
retary of War. 

(b) Abusive speeches against Congress by President Johnson. 

2. Charges — High crimes and misdemeanors. 

3. Result of Trial — Failed by one vote to find the president 
guilty. 

XVI. Organization of Ku Klux Klan (1867). 

XVII. Burlingame Treaty (1868). 

1. By Anson Burlingame, with China. Secured new articles to 
treaty of 1858. 



OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. S9 

(See Larned's Encyclopedia.) 
2. Provisions — 

(1) Right to exchange consuls. 

(2) Right of religious liberty. 

(3) Right of voluntary immigration. * 

(4) Opening of more ports in China. 
XVIII. Political campaign — 

1. Candidates and parties — 
Republican — Grant and Colfax. 
Democratic — Seymour and Blair. 

2. Issue — 

Reconstruction; negro suffrage and relations with the seceded 
states. 

3. Result — Election of U. S. Grant. 

1869 — Grant's Administration — 1877. 

I. Characterize: — 

II. Completion of Pacific R. R., May 10, 1869. 

(a) Effect of Pacific R. R. on commerce with Asia. 

(b) On growth of West. (See Montgomery.) 

III. Completion of Reconstruction, 1870. 

1. Fifteenth Amendment, 1869. 

2. All states represented in Congress in 1871. 

IV. Great Fires— (See Gibson) — 

1. Chicago, 1871. 

2. Boston, 1872. 

V. Indian Troubles — (See Gibson and Montgomery)^- 

1. The Modoc War, 1873. Place — Line between California and 
Oregon. 

2. The Custer Massacre, i876. 

VI. Weather Bureau established, 1870. 

VII. Treaty of Washington, 1871, by which all disputed questions 
were submitted to arbitration. (See Dictionary of American 
History, Jameson and McMaster.) 

1. By commissioners representing England and France. 

2. Place — Washington. 

3. Provisions — 

(a) Alabama claims settled by five arbitrators who met in 
Geneva (1872) and awarded U. S. $15,500,000. 

(b) The Northwest boundary — the water boundary between 
Washington Territory and British Columbia, settled by the 
Emperor of Germany in favor of U. S. (1872). 

(c) Claims of British subjects against U. S. on account of fish- 
eries settled by a Board of Fish Commissioners in favor of 
Great Britain (1877), England receiving $5,500,000. 

VII. Political Corruption — 

1. Credit Mobelier investigation (1872) (See Wilson). 

2. Whiskey Ring. (See Jameson's Dictionary of American His- 
tory.) 

VIII. Political Campaign of 1872— 
General Grant against Horace Greeley. 



4a OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 

IX. Panic of '73 — Black Friday. 

1. Cause. 

2. Result. (See McMaster and Montgomery.) 

X. "Resumption of Specie Payment," Act 1875. 

XI. Grant's Financial Policy. (See McMaster.) 

1. (1869) "The Credit Strengthening Act." declaring that 
5-20 bonds of the United States should be paid "in coin." 

2. (1870) The Refunding Act, by which $1,500,000,000 in bonds 
bearing five and six per cent interest were ordered to be re- 
placed with other bonds at four, four and a half and five per 
cent. 

3. Demonetization of Silver (1873) — an act stopping the coinage 
of silver dollars and taking away the legal tender quality of 

those in circulation, made the words " in coin" mean gold. 

4. Specie Resumption Act, 1875, to take effect 1879. All green- 
backs to become redeemable in specie on Jan. 1, 1879. 

5. To get specie, bonds might be issued. (An act passed by Con- 
gress in 1875.) 

XII. Labor Troubles— The Mollie Maguires (1873-74 and 1875). 

XIII. Centennial Celebration, One Hundredth Year of Independence 
of U. S., (1876) at Philadelphia. 

XIV. Material Growth. (See McMaster and Montgomery.) 

1. Discovery of Oil and Gas. 

2. Electricity for lighting purposes. 

3. Telephone. 

4. Jetties' system constructed by Eads, 1875-79. 

XV. Colorado admitted (1876)— The Centennial State. 

XVI. Political Campaign. 

1. Candidates and Parties: 

(a) Republican — Hayes and Wheeler. 

(b) Democratic — Tilden and Hendricks. 

(c) Prohibition — Smith and Stewart. 

(d) Greenback — Cooper and Cary. 

2. Issue — Currency question; labor questions; corruption and dis- 
honesty in public service. 

3. Result — Election decided by an Electoral Commission ap- 
pointed by Congress — Hayes, President; Wheeler, Vice Presi- 
dent. 

XVII. Electoral Commission (1877) composed of five senators, five 
representatives and five justices of the Supreme Court. 

Decision — Hayes elected. 

1877 — Hayes' Administration — 1881. 
(See Gibson, McMaster, Montgomery, Andrews' Last Quarter 
Century U. S. History.) 

I. Characterize: — 

II. Party in Power. 

(Review the "Electoral Commission.") (See Wilson.) 



OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 41 

III. Railroad Strikes, 1877. (See Gordy.) 

IV. Removal of Troops from South. (Wilson.) 

V. Invention of Phonograph by Edison. 

VI. Fishery Award — 

Time, 1877. 

Place of Meeting — Halifax. 
U. S. paid England $5,500,000. 
(See Washington Treaty, 1871.) 

VII. Resident Embassy from China (1877). 
(Review the Burlingame Treaty, 1868.) 

VIII.— Bland-Allison Silver Bill— (See McMaster) — 

Bland Silver bill, originated by Richard Bland of Mo., authorizing 
free coinage of silver at ratio of 16 to 1. Passed by house, 
amended by Senate, which substituted the "Allison" amend- 
ment (1878). 

IX. Resumption of specie payment (1879). 

Issue of Silver Certificates. 

X. Negro exodus from South (1879) to Kansas. 

XI. Grant's tour around the world. 

XII. Campaign of 1880— 

1. Parties and Conventions. (See Andrews' Last Quarter Cen- 
tury.) 

2. Issues — 

(a) Chinese question. 

(b) Tariff. 

(c) Civil Service. 

(d) Money. 

3. Result — Election of Garfield and Arthur. 

XIII. — Some Noted Politicians — (See "American Statesmen.") — 
Blaine. 
Conklin. 
Sherman. 

1881 — Garfield-Arthur Administration — 1885. 

I. Party in Power — (See Andrews' "Last Quarter Century," U. S.) — 

II. Characterize President Garfield. 

III. Star Route Frauds — Investigation begun (1881). 

IV. Assassination of President Garfield by Guiteau (July 2, 1881.) 

Arthur, President. 

V. Characterize President Arthur. 

VI. Opening of Atlanta Exhibition. 

VII. Trial and Execution of Guiteau (1882). 

VIII. Death of Longfellow; of Emerson (1882). 

IX. Anti-Polygamy bill by Edmunds (1882). 
Provisions — To suppress polygamy in Utah. 

X. Chinese Exclusion Act (1882), stopped immigration of Chinese for 

ten years. 

XI. Improvements — 

1. Brooklyn Bridge completed (1883). 



42 OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 

2. Northern Pacific R. R. completed (1883). 

3. Postal Notes introduced (1883). 

4. Letter postage reduced to 2c (1883). 

5. Standard Time adopted (1883). 

XII. Civil Service Reform — 

The Spoils system — (explain) — responsible for Garfield's death. 
1. Pendleton Act (1883) to secure appointment to public office 
on the ground of fitness. (See Montgomery; Jameson's Diction- 
ary of U. S. History.) 

(a) Commission. 

(b) Classified Service. 

(c) Examination. 

(d) Exclusion of political influence. 

XIII. Washington Monument completed (1885). 
(Locate and describe.) 

XIV. Campaign — 

1. Parties — 
Democratic — Cleveland. 
Republican — Blaine. 
Prohibition — St. John. 
Labor — Butler. 

2. Issue — 

Tariff; Civil Service; Money. 

1885 — Grover Cleveland — 1889. 
(See Andrews' Last Quarter Century in U. S., and Montgomery's 
U. S. History.) 

I. Characterize. (Read "Peter Sterling," by Ford.) 

II. The New Orleans Cotton Exposition (1885). 

III. Death of General Grant, 1885. 

IV. Bartholdi Statue — "Liberty Enlightening the World," given to 

U. S. by France in 1885. 

V. Growth of great corporations, "Trusts" (See Montgomery), and 

labor unions. 

VI. Labor Troubles (1886). 

1. Railway Strikes. 

2. Haymarket riot in Chicago. 

VII. Marriage of President Cleveland, 1886. 

VIII. Charleston Earthquake, 1886. 

IX. Trouble with Canada over fisheries in Newfoundland, 1886-7. 

X. Important legislation by Congress. (See Montgomery.) 

1. Presidential Succession bill, 1886. 

2. Interstate Commerce bill, 1887. 

3. Electoral Count bill, 1887. 

4. Chinese Exclusion act, 1888. 

XI. Tenure of Office bill repealed, 1887. 

XII. Department of Agriculture established, 1888. 

XIII. Campaign of 1888— 

1. Parties and Candidates: 



OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 43 

(a) Republican — Harrison and Morton. 

(b) Democratic — Cleveland and Thurman. 

(c) Prohibition — Fisk and Brooks. 

(d) Union Labor — Streeter and Cunningham. 

(e) Equal Rights — Belva Lockwood and A. H. Love. 
2. Issue — Revenue system. 

1889 — Benjamin Harrison — 1893. 

(See Andrews' Last Quarter Century in U. S.) 

I. Characterize. 

II. Oklahoma Opened, 1889. (See Montgomery.) 

III. Centennial Anniversary of Washington's Inauguration, 1889. 

IV. Johnstown Disaster, 1889. (See Andrews.) 

V. Admission of North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana and Wash- 

ington, 1889. 

VI. Samoan Difficulty, 1888-89. 

Conflict between United States and Germany because of the atti- 
tude of each toward ruler and revolutionists in a province of 
Samoa. 

VII. Edmunds bill (passed 1882) declared constitutional ( 1890). 

VIII. Anti-Lottery bill (1890), concerning operations of Louisiana 
Lottery Company. 

IX. Pan-American Congress, 1889. 

X. Sherman Purchase Act, 189u. 

XI. International Copyright Law, 1890. 

XII. McKinley Protective Tariff bill, 1890. 

XIII. The New Orleans Mafia— Trouble with Italy, 1891. 

XIV. Admission of Idaho and Wyoming, 1890. 

XV. Trouble with Chile, 1891. (See Andrews.) 

XVI. Columbian Exposition preparation (1890 to 1893). 

XVII. Homestead labor troubles, 1892. 

XVIII. Chicago University opened, 1892. 

XIX. Indian troubles, 1890-91, by Indians of North Dakota and In- 
dian Territory. 

XX. Famine in Russia^ — aid by United States, 1892. 

XXI. Presidential campaign (1892) — 

1. Parties and Candidates: 

(a) Democratic — Cleveland. 

(b) Republican — Harrison. 

(c) Prohibition — Bidwell. 

(d) People's Party — Weaver. 

2. Issue — Tariff; money. 

XXII. Some important inventions and discoveries: Safety bicycle; 
the X-ray; dynamite; cocaine as a local anaesthetic; liquid air. 

1893 — Grover Cleveland — 1897. 

(Second Administration.) 
(See Montgomery, McMaster, Gibson.) 

I. Second Administration — As a reformer. 

II. Introduction at presidential election of Australian or secret ballot. 

III. World's Fair at Chicago (Columbian Exposition). Dedication, 



44 OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 

Oct. 21, 1892; opening, May 1, 1893. 
Notable features — (1) Attendance, (2) World's congresses, (3) U. 
"S. Government exhibit — naval, war, agricultural, fisheries; (4) 
marvelous inventions and advances in science. (Read Andrews' 
Last Quarter Century in U. S.) 

IV. Financial Panic, 1893. 

1. Causes — 

(a) Excessive speculation and extravagance of the people. 

(b) Fear of reduction in tariff. 

(c) Failure in crops. 

(d) Hostile attitude between capital and labor. 

2. Results — 

(a) Great business depression. 

(b) Many failures. 

(c) Little gold in U. S. Treasury. 

3. Relief — 

(a) Repeal of Sherman act. 

(b) Bond issue. 

(c) Employment of idle men at good wages. 

V. Repeal of Sherman act, 1893. 

VI. Settlement of Behring Sea controversy, 1893. 

VII. Industrial Army movement — Coxey's Army, 1894. 

VIII. Repeal of Force Act passed in 1870, 1894. 

IX. Pullman strike, 1894. 

X. Recognition of Republic of Hawaii, 1894. 

XI. Wilson Tariff bill, 1894. 

XII. Municipal Reform — 

k1) Influence of Tammany in New York City politics. 
(2) Work of Dr. Parkhurst, Goff, Strong, Roosevelt. 

XIII. The Atlanta Exhibition, showing astonishing progress made by 
South since the war of 1861-65. 

XIV. The Cuban rebellion, 1895. 

XV. Venezuelan dispute settled, 1896. 

XVI. Extension of Civil Service reform — thirty thousand positions 
placed under it. 

XVII. Admission of Utah, 1896. 

XVIII. Death of noted persons — 

(1) Phillips Brooks, 1893; (2) Oliver W. Holmes, 1894; (3) 
Robert L. Stevenson, 1895. 

XIX. Presidential Campaign — 
1. Parties and Candidates: 

Republican — McKinley and Hobart. 
Democratic — Bryan and Sewall. 
Populist — Bryan and Watson. 
Prohibition — Levering and Johnson. 
. 2. Issue — 

(1) Free and unlimited coinage of silver at the ratio of 16 to 
1, as opposed to a gold standard. 

(2) Protective tariff. 



OUTLINES OF UNIED STATES HISTORY. 45 

1897 — McKinley's Administration — 1901. 

tSee Montgomery, Gordy, McMaster, Gibson.) 

I. Characterize. 

II. Dingley Tariff bill, 1897. 

III. General Grant's Tomb dedicated (1897), on the banks of the Hud- 

son in Riverside Park, N. Y. 

IV. Congressional Library opened (1897) in Washington. 

V. War with Spain, 1898. 

1. Preliminary Events — 

Rebellion in Cuba (1895), the sixth rebellion against Spain in 
fifty years. (Review Ostend Manifesto.) 

2. Causes — 

(1) Necessity for protecting commercial interests of U. S. 

(2) Sinking of the Maine, Feb. 15, 1898. 

(3) United States demands a free Cuba. 

3. Declaration of War, April 25, 1898. 

4. Preparation for war — 

(1) Call for 200,000 volunteers. 

(2) Congress votes $200,000,000. 

(3) Congress passes a war revenue act. 

(4) Coast of Cuba declared to be in a state of blockade. 

5. Events of 1898, in war with Spain. 

(1) April 27 — Admiral Sampson at Matanzas, Cuba. 

(2) May 1 — Commodore Dewey at Manila, captures and destroys 
entire fleet. 

(3) Spanish squadron commanded by Cervera entered Santiago 
Harbor, Cuba, on May 19th. 

(4) Richmond P. Hobson, with a volunteer crew of seven men, 
sunk the Merrimac to obstruct the harbor of Santiago; men 
captured; liberated July 7. 

(5) General Shafter moves against Santiago on June 23. With 
his army were the Rough Riders and First and Tenth regular 
cavalry. 

(6) General Shaftier with his army gains outer works of San- 
tiago, also takes El Caney and San Juan. 

(7) Destruction of Spanish fleet under Cervera by Admiral 
Sampson and Commodore Schley, July 3. 

(8) Surrender of Santiago by General Toral, July 14. 

(9) General Miles marches upon San Juan, the capital of Porto 
Rico. 

(10) Manila surrenders to General Merritt and Admiral Dewey. 

(11) Protocol signed, August 12, 1898. 

6. Treaty of Peace, signed December 10, 1898, at Paris. 
Provisions — 

(1) Spain cedes Porto Rico and the Philippines to United States 
and relinquishes her claims upon Cuba. 

(2) United States pays $20,000,000 to Spain for Philippines. 

(3) United States demands open commercial policy for the 
Philippines. 



46 OUTLINES O FUNITED STATES HISTORY. 

(4) Cession of Guam, of the Ladrone group, to United States, 

7. Results of War— 

(1) Acquisition of Territory (see Topic 6). 

(2) Demonstration of fighting power of army and navy. 

(3) United the Union and Confederate veterans under the old 
flag. 

(4) Showed the work of the Red Cross Society. 

8. Cost of War— 

402 men; $130,000,000. 

VI. Annexation of Hawaii (1898). (See Topic X., Cleveland.) 

VII. Trans-Mississippi Exposition in Omaha, 1898. 

VIII. The Philippine War (1898-1901. (See Mace.) 

1. Causes — 

(1) Desire of natives for independence. 

(2) Misjudging their own capacity and our motives. 

2. Generals: Spanish — Aguinaldo; American, Gen. Otis, Gen. 
Funston. 

3. Commission sent by president to organize a civil government 
on the island. 

IX. Roberts' case in Congress. 

X. Opening of Chicago Drainage Canal. 

XI. Destruction of Galveston, September, 1900. 

XII. Railroad strikes, 1900. 

XIII. Boxer War in China, 1900 — Influence of United States. 

XIV. Presidential Campaign — 
Republican — McKinley and Roosevelt. 
Democratic — Bryan. 

People's — Debs. 
2. Issue — 
Financial questions; Tariff; Imperialism. 

1901 — McKinley and Roosevelt— 1905. 

I. Decision of Supreme Court concerning government of late acquisi- 

tions from Spain, 1901. 

II. Pan-American Exposition at Buffalo in 1901. 

III. Shooting of President McKinley, September 6, 1901, by Czolgosz. 

IV. Death of the president, September 14, 1901. 

1901 — Theodore Roosevelt, President. 

V. Coal strikes in Pennsylvania — Coal strike commission (See Mont- 

gomery), 1902. 

VI. Immigration Act, 1904. 

VII. Department of Commerce and Labor created by Congress in 1903. 

VIII. Ratification of treaty with the Republic of Panama for con- 
struction of Panama Canal, 1904. 

IX. Louisiana Purchase Exposition, 1904, St. Louis, Mo. (Study 

the "Louisiana Purchase.") 



OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 47 

X. Insular Affairs — (See Mace) — 

(1) Cuba — Independence recognized in 1902. Protectorate. 

(2) Philippines. (See Topic VIII, McKinley's administration.) 
XL Official Corruption— 

1. Post-office investigations. 

2. Conviction of Senator Burton. 

8. Folk's campaign against boodlers in Missouri. 
4. Tammany in New York. 

XII. Trusts— 

1. Beef Trust. 
2. Northern Securities Case. (See "Review of Reviews," 1903-4.) 

XIII. Presidential Campaign — 
Parties and Candidates: 

(1) Republican — Roosevelt and Fairbanks. 

(2) Democratic — Parker and Davis. 

(3) People's Party— Watson and Tibbies. 

Issue — Attitude of administration toward trusts and corporations. 

1905 — Roosevelt's Administration — 1909. 

(See World's Almanac, 1904-5-6.) 

I. Characterize. 

II. Investigation of Equitable Life Assurance Society begun April 3, 

1905. 

III. Remains of John Paul Jones discovered in Paris by Gen. Porter, 

April 14, 1905; placed in a temporary vault at Annapolis, Md., 
July 24, and buried at Annapolis, April 24, 1906. 

IV. Lewis & Clark Centennial Exposition opened at Portland, Oregon, 

May 28. 

V. Death of John Hay, Secretary of State, July 1. 

VI. Treaty of Peace signed at Portsmouth, N. H., by the Japanese 

and Russian Envoys, Sept. 5, 1905. 

VII. Affairs in Russia excite interest in United States, 1906. 

VIII. Marriage of Miss Alice Roosevelt and Congressman Longworth 
celebrated February 17, 1906. 

IX. Earthquake in San Francisco, Cal., April 18, 1906. 

The New Nation. 

I. Discuss our growth in — 

(a) Nationality; (b) Population; (c) Territory; (d) Public 
Schools; (e) Colleges; (f) The Press; (g) Railroads; (h) 
Manufactures; (i) Commerce; (j) Postal Service; (k) Min- 
erals; (1) Inventions; (m) Philanthropy; (n) Literature. 

II. Discuss — 

(1) Southern Education — Booker T. Washington; (2) Pacific 
Cable; (3) Panama Canal; (4) The New Navy. 
Topics for Review — 

I. Acquisition of territory by United States since 1776, 

II. Important treaties since 1789. 

III. Financial panics since 1819. 

IV. American Literature — 



OCT 20 1906 

48 OUTLINES OF UNITED STATES HISTORY. 

1. Poets: 

(a) William Cullen Bryant, 1794-1878. 

(b) Henry W. Longfellow, 1807-1882. 

(c) J. G. Whittier, 1807-1892. 

(d) James Russell Lowell, 1819-1891. 

(e) Oliver Wendell Holmes, 1809-1894. 
(f) Edgar Allen Poe, 1809-1849. 

(g) Other poets — J. G. Saxe, T. Buchanan Read, Alice Gary, 
Bayard Taylor, Bret Harte. 
2, Prose: 

(a) Washington Irving, 1788-1859. 

(b) Wm. H. Prescott, 1796-1859. 

(c) Ralph Waldo Emerson, 1803-1882. 

(d) Geo. Bancroft, 1800-1891. 

(e) Francis Parkman, 1823-1893. 

(f) J. Lothrop Motley, 1814-1877. 

(g) James Fenimore Cooper, 1789-1851. 
(h) Nathaniel Hawthorne, 1804-1864. 

(i) Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain), 1835 . 

(j) Wm. D. Howells, 1837-—. 
(k) Louisa M. Alcott, 1832-1888. 

National Poems and Songs. 

1. "America" Samuel Francis Smith 

2. "American Hymn" Kellar 

3. "Columbia" Dwight 

4. "The Flag of Our Union Forever" Geo. P. Morris 

5. "The Blue and the Gray" Francis Finch 

6. "The Star-Spangled Banner" Francis Scott Key 

7. "The American Flag" Joseph Rodman Drake 

8. "All Quiet Along the Potomac" Ethel L. Beers 

9. "Marching Through Georgia" .Henry Clay Wood 

10. "Sheridan's Ride" .Thomas B. Read 

11. "The Battle Hymn of the Republic" Julia Ward Howe 

12. "Tramp! Tramp! Tramp!" Geo. F. Root 

13. "The Red, White and Blue" David T. Shaw 

14. "The Battle Cry of Freedom" Geo. F. Root 

15. "When Johnny Comes Marching Home" f. S. Gilmore 

16. "Dixie" Aloert Pike 

17. "My Maryland" Paul H. Hayne 



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